大学入学共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和4年度（2022年度）本試験
問41 (英語リーディング（第6問） 問A-3)
問題文
次の英文や図表を読み、解答番号にあてはまるものとして最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
Your study group is learning about ”how time of day affects people.” You have found an article you want to share. Complete the summary notes for your next meeting.
When Does the Day Begin for You？
When asked ”Are you a morning person？” some reply ”No， I’m a night owl.” Such people can concentrate and create at night. At the other end of the clock， a well−known proverb claims： ”The early bird catches the worm，” which means that waking early is the way to get food， win prizes， and reach goals. The lark is a morning singer， so early birds， the opposite of owls， are larks. Creatures active during the day are ”diurnal” and those emerging at night are ”nocturnal.”
Yet another proverb states： ”Early to bed， early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy， and wise.” Larks may jump out of bed and welcome the morning with a big breakfast， while owls hit the snooze button， getting ready at the last minute， usually without breakfast. They may have fewer meals， but they eat late in the day. Not exercising after meals can cause weight gain. Perhaps larks are healthier. Owls must work or learn on the lark schedule. Most schooling occurs before4：00 p.m.、 so young larks may perform certain tasks better. Business deals made early in the day may make some larks wealthier.
What makes one person a lark and another an owl？ One theory suggests preference for day or night has to do with time of birth. In 2010， Cleveland State University researchers found evidence that not only does a person’s internal clock start at the moment of birth， but that those born at night might have lifelong challenges performing during daytime hours. Usually， their world experience begins with darkness. Since traditional study time and office work happen in daylight， we assume that day begins in the morning. People asleep are not first in line， and might miss chances.
Does everyone follow the system of beginning days in the morning？ The Jewish people， an approximately 6，000−year−old religious group， believe a day is measured from sundown until the following sundown―from eve to eve. Christians continue this tradition with Christmas Eve. The Chinese use their system of 12 animals not only to mark years， but to separate each two−hour period of the day. The hour of the rat， the first period， is from 11：00 p.m. to 1：00 a.m. Chinese culture also begins the day at night. In other words， ancient customs support how owls view time.
Research indicates owls are smarter and more creative. So， perhaps larks are not always wiser！ That is to say， larks win ”healthy” and sometimes ”wealthy，” but they may lose ”wise.” In an early report， Richard D. Roberts and Patrick C. Kyllonen state that owls tend to be more intelligent. A later， comprehensive study by Franzis Preckel， for which Roberts was one of the co−authors， came to the same conclusion. It is not all good news for owls， though. Not only can schoolwork be a challenge， but they may miss daytime career opportunities and are more likely to enjoy the bad habits of ”nightlife，” playing at night while larks sleep. Nightlife tends to be expensive. A University of Barcelona study suggests larks are precise， seek perfection， and feel little stress. Owls seek new adventures and exciting leisure activities， yet they often have trouble relaxing.
Can people change？ While the results are not all in， studies of young adults seem to say no， we are hard−wired. So， as young people grow and acquire more freedom， they end up returning to their lark or owl nature. However， concerns arise that this categorization may not fit everyone. In addition to time of birth possibly being an indication， a report published in Nature Communications suggests that DNA may also affect our habits concerning time. Other works focus on changes occurring in some people due to aging or illness. New research in this area appears all the time. A study of university students in Russia suggests that there are six types， so owls and larks may not be the only birds around！
Your summary notes：
（See diagraph below.）
Choose the best option for （ 41 ）.
Your study group is learning about ”how time of day affects people.” You have found an article you want to share. Complete the summary notes for your next meeting.
When Does the Day Begin for You？
When asked ”Are you a morning person？” some reply ”No， I’m a night owl.” Such people can concentrate and create at night. At the other end of the clock， a well−known proverb claims： ”The early bird catches the worm，” which means that waking early is the way to get food， win prizes， and reach goals. The lark is a morning singer， so early birds， the opposite of owls， are larks. Creatures active during the day are ”diurnal” and those emerging at night are ”nocturnal.”
Yet another proverb states： ”Early to bed， early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy， and wise.” Larks may jump out of bed and welcome the morning with a big breakfast， while owls hit the snooze button， getting ready at the last minute， usually without breakfast. They may have fewer meals， but they eat late in the day. Not exercising after meals can cause weight gain. Perhaps larks are healthier. Owls must work or learn on the lark schedule. Most schooling occurs before4：00 p.m.、 so young larks may perform certain tasks better. Business deals made early in the day may make some larks wealthier.
What makes one person a lark and another an owl？ One theory suggests preference for day or night has to do with time of birth. In 2010， Cleveland State University researchers found evidence that not only does a person’s internal clock start at the moment of birth， but that those born at night might have lifelong challenges performing during daytime hours. Usually， their world experience begins with darkness. Since traditional study time and office work happen in daylight， we assume that day begins in the morning. People asleep are not first in line， and might miss chances.
Does everyone follow the system of beginning days in the morning？ The Jewish people， an approximately 6，000−year−old religious group， believe a day is measured from sundown until the following sundown―from eve to eve. Christians continue this tradition with Christmas Eve. The Chinese use their system of 12 animals not only to mark years， but to separate each two−hour period of the day. The hour of the rat， the first period， is from 11：00 p.m. to 1：00 a.m. Chinese culture also begins the day at night. In other words， ancient customs support how owls view time.
Research indicates owls are smarter and more creative. So， perhaps larks are not always wiser！ That is to say， larks win ”healthy” and sometimes ”wealthy，” but they may lose ”wise.” In an early report， Richard D. Roberts and Patrick C. Kyllonen state that owls tend to be more intelligent. A later， comprehensive study by Franzis Preckel， for which Roberts was one of the co−authors， came to the same conclusion. It is not all good news for owls， though. Not only can schoolwork be a challenge， but they may miss daytime career opportunities and are more likely to enjoy the bad habits of ”nightlife，” playing at night while larks sleep. Nightlife tends to be expensive. A University of Barcelona study suggests larks are precise， seek perfection， and feel little stress. Owls seek new adventures and exciting leisure activities， yet they often have trouble relaxing.
Can people change？ While the results are not all in， studies of young adults seem to say no， we are hard−wired. So， as young people grow and acquire more freedom， they end up returning to their lark or owl nature. However， concerns arise that this categorization may not fit everyone. In addition to time of birth possibly being an indication， a report published in Nature Communications suggests that DNA may also affect our habits concerning time. Other works focus on changes occurring in some people due to aging or illness. New research in this area appears all the time. A study of university students in Russia suggests that there are six types， so owls and larks may not be the only birds around！
Your summary notes：
（See diagraph below.）
Choose the best option for （ 41 ）.
このページは閲覧用ページです。
履歴を残すには、 「新しく出題する（ここをクリック）」 をご利用ください。
問題
大学入学共通テスト（英語）試験 令和4年度（2022年度）本試験 問41（英語リーディング（第6問） 問A-3） （訂正依頼・報告はこちら）
次の英文や図表を読み、解答番号にあてはまるものとして最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
Your study group is learning about ”how time of day affects people.” You have found an article you want to share. Complete the summary notes for your next meeting.
When Does the Day Begin for You？
When asked ”Are you a morning person？” some reply ”No， I’m a night owl.” Such people can concentrate and create at night. At the other end of the clock， a well−known proverb claims： ”The early bird catches the worm，” which means that waking early is the way to get food， win prizes， and reach goals. The lark is a morning singer， so early birds， the opposite of owls， are larks. Creatures active during the day are ”diurnal” and those emerging at night are ”nocturnal.”
Yet another proverb states： ”Early to bed， early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy， and wise.” Larks may jump out of bed and welcome the morning with a big breakfast， while owls hit the snooze button， getting ready at the last minute， usually without breakfast. They may have fewer meals， but they eat late in the day. Not exercising after meals can cause weight gain. Perhaps larks are healthier. Owls must work or learn on the lark schedule. Most schooling occurs before4：00 p.m.、 so young larks may perform certain tasks better. Business deals made early in the day may make some larks wealthier.
What makes one person a lark and another an owl？ One theory suggests preference for day or night has to do with time of birth. In 2010， Cleveland State University researchers found evidence that not only does a person’s internal clock start at the moment of birth， but that those born at night might have lifelong challenges performing during daytime hours. Usually， their world experience begins with darkness. Since traditional study time and office work happen in daylight， we assume that day begins in the morning. People asleep are not first in line， and might miss chances.
Does everyone follow the system of beginning days in the morning？ The Jewish people， an approximately 6，000−year−old religious group， believe a day is measured from sundown until the following sundown―from eve to eve. Christians continue this tradition with Christmas Eve. The Chinese use their system of 12 animals not only to mark years， but to separate each two−hour period of the day. The hour of the rat， the first period， is from 11：00 p.m. to 1：00 a.m. Chinese culture also begins the day at night. In other words， ancient customs support how owls view time.
Research indicates owls are smarter and more creative. So， perhaps larks are not always wiser！ That is to say， larks win ”healthy” and sometimes ”wealthy，” but they may lose ”wise.” In an early report， Richard D. Roberts and Patrick C. Kyllonen state that owls tend to be more intelligent. A later， comprehensive study by Franzis Preckel， for which Roberts was one of the co−authors， came to the same conclusion. It is not all good news for owls， though. Not only can schoolwork be a challenge， but they may miss daytime career opportunities and are more likely to enjoy the bad habits of ”nightlife，” playing at night while larks sleep. Nightlife tends to be expensive. A University of Barcelona study suggests larks are precise， seek perfection， and feel little stress. Owls seek new adventures and exciting leisure activities， yet they often have trouble relaxing.
Can people change？ While the results are not all in， studies of young adults seem to say no， we are hard−wired. So， as young people grow and acquire more freedom， they end up returning to their lark or owl nature. However， concerns arise that this categorization may not fit everyone. In addition to time of birth possibly being an indication， a report published in Nature Communications suggests that DNA may also affect our habits concerning time. Other works focus on changes occurring in some people due to aging or illness. New research in this area appears all the time. A study of university students in Russia suggests that there are six types， so owls and larks may not be the only birds around！
Your summary notes：
（See diagraph below.）
Choose the best option for （ 41 ）.
Your study group is learning about ”how time of day affects people.” You have found an article you want to share. Complete the summary notes for your next meeting.
When Does the Day Begin for You？
When asked ”Are you a morning person？” some reply ”No， I’m a night owl.” Such people can concentrate and create at night. At the other end of the clock， a well−known proverb claims： ”The early bird catches the worm，” which means that waking early is the way to get food， win prizes， and reach goals. The lark is a morning singer， so early birds， the opposite of owls， are larks. Creatures active during the day are ”diurnal” and those emerging at night are ”nocturnal.”
Yet another proverb states： ”Early to bed， early to rise makes a man healthy， wealthy， and wise.” Larks may jump out of bed and welcome the morning with a big breakfast， while owls hit the snooze button， getting ready at the last minute， usually without breakfast. They may have fewer meals， but they eat late in the day. Not exercising after meals can cause weight gain. Perhaps larks are healthier. Owls must work or learn on the lark schedule. Most schooling occurs before4：00 p.m.、 so young larks may perform certain tasks better. Business deals made early in the day may make some larks wealthier.
What makes one person a lark and another an owl？ One theory suggests preference for day or night has to do with time of birth. In 2010， Cleveland State University researchers found evidence that not only does a person’s internal clock start at the moment of birth， but that those born at night might have lifelong challenges performing during daytime hours. Usually， their world experience begins with darkness. Since traditional study time and office work happen in daylight， we assume that day begins in the morning. People asleep are not first in line， and might miss chances.
Does everyone follow the system of beginning days in the morning？ The Jewish people， an approximately 6，000−year−old religious group， believe a day is measured from sundown until the following sundown―from eve to eve. Christians continue this tradition with Christmas Eve. The Chinese use their system of 12 animals not only to mark years， but to separate each two−hour period of the day. The hour of the rat， the first period， is from 11：00 p.m. to 1：00 a.m. Chinese culture also begins the day at night. In other words， ancient customs support how owls view time.
Research indicates owls are smarter and more creative. So， perhaps larks are not always wiser！ That is to say， larks win ”healthy” and sometimes ”wealthy，” but they may lose ”wise.” In an early report， Richard D. Roberts and Patrick C. Kyllonen state that owls tend to be more intelligent. A later， comprehensive study by Franzis Preckel， for which Roberts was one of the co−authors， came to the same conclusion. It is not all good news for owls， though. Not only can schoolwork be a challenge， but they may miss daytime career opportunities and are more likely to enjoy the bad habits of ”nightlife，” playing at night while larks sleep. Nightlife tends to be expensive. A University of Barcelona study suggests larks are precise， seek perfection， and feel little stress. Owls seek new adventures and exciting leisure activities， yet they often have trouble relaxing.
Can people change？ While the results are not all in， studies of young adults seem to say no， we are hard−wired. So， as young people grow and acquire more freedom， they end up returning to their lark or owl nature. However， concerns arise that this categorization may not fit everyone. In addition to time of birth possibly being an indication， a report published in Nature Communications suggests that DNA may also affect our habits concerning time. Other works focus on changes occurring in some people due to aging or illness. New research in this area appears all the time. A study of university students in Russia suggests that there are six types， so owls and larks may not be the only birds around！
Your summary notes：
（See diagraph below.）
Choose the best option for （ 41 ）.
- explain that certain societies have long believed that a day begins at night
- indicate that nocturnal people were more religious in the past
- say that people have long thought they miss chances due to morning laziness
- support the idea that owls must go to work or school on the lark schedule
正解！素晴らしいです
残念...
この過去問の解説
前の問題（問40）へ
令和4年度（2022年度）本試験 問題一覧
次の問題（問42）へ