大学入学共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和7年度（2025年度）本試験
問39 (英語リーディング（第8問） 問2)
問題文
各大問の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are working on an essay about space exploration. You will follow the steps below：
Step 1：Read a range of opinions gathered from the Internet about exploring outer space.
Step 2：Take a position on space exploration.
Step 3：Create an outline of your essay using additional sources.
▶［Step 1］Read a range of opinions
Apu（university professor）
The exploration of space requires a lot of research time and money. All this research has led to many new inventions and boosted humanity’s scientific and technical knowledge. While laser eye surgery，solar cells，freeze−dried food，and wireless headsets are just a few examples that have come out of space research，perhaps the invention that has proven the most useful in modern life is the computer mouse. This was developed in the 1960s on a NASA research project.
Christine（company CEO）
Much space exploration relies on international cooperation，a good example being the International Space Station，launched in 1998. The main reasons for this cooperation are to share the huge costs involved and to improve national prestige. More recently，private companies have begun exploring space，though mostly for commercial reasons. In the future，it is possible that countries or corporations will try to colonize parts of the moon or Mars. While financial cooperation and raising prestige are welcome，improper commercial or military use of outer space is not.
Meilin（journalist）
As the famous physicist，Stephen Hawking，once said，it is probably dangerous to broadcast into deep space evidence of the existence of humans here on Earth. If our nearest intelligent aliens are anything like us，then they will seek to conquer Earth and humanity. For me，this is the greatest threat associated with space exploration. The deeper into space we travel，the greater the likelihood Earth will be discovered by an aggressive alien civilization.
Naomi（lawyer）
Historically，jobs working at sea were likely the least safe，with the highest rates of death in the workplace. In modern times，space is no different，if not worse. Once we are just 10，000 meters or so above the surface of the Earth，there is little oxygen and the temperature is too low for human survival. Since the first person went into space in 1961，19 of 652 astronauts have died on the job： a fatality rate of 2.9％. No other business or industry would tolerate such a high level of danger. Why should the space industry？
Victor（financial analyst）
Space exploration has contributed hugely to economic growth. In the USA，NASA provided work for nearly 340，000 people in 2021，mostly at above−average salaries，and it is estimated that it has contributed $7.7 billion in taxes to the US government. Space is also being explored by other countries，such as China，India，Japan，and Russia. In the future，further economic growth will be ensured by more private firms entering the space race and by the rise of space tourism，space mining，space colonization，and space militarization.
Both Christine and Victor mention that space exploration （ ）.
You are working on an essay about space exploration. You will follow the steps below：
Step 1：Read a range of opinions gathered from the Internet about exploring outer space.
Step 2：Take a position on space exploration.
Step 3：Create an outline of your essay using additional sources.
▶［Step 1］Read a range of opinions
Apu（university professor）
The exploration of space requires a lot of research time and money. All this research has led to many new inventions and boosted humanity’s scientific and technical knowledge. While laser eye surgery，solar cells，freeze−dried food，and wireless headsets are just a few examples that have come out of space research，perhaps the invention that has proven the most useful in modern life is the computer mouse. This was developed in the 1960s on a NASA research project.
Christine（company CEO）
Much space exploration relies on international cooperation，a good example being the International Space Station，launched in 1998. The main reasons for this cooperation are to share the huge costs involved and to improve national prestige. More recently，private companies have begun exploring space，though mostly for commercial reasons. In the future，it is possible that countries or corporations will try to colonize parts of the moon or Mars. While financial cooperation and raising prestige are welcome，improper commercial or military use of outer space is not.
Meilin（journalist）
As the famous physicist，Stephen Hawking，once said，it is probably dangerous to broadcast into deep space evidence of the existence of humans here on Earth. If our nearest intelligent aliens are anything like us，then they will seek to conquer Earth and humanity. For me，this is the greatest threat associated with space exploration. The deeper into space we travel，the greater the likelihood Earth will be discovered by an aggressive alien civilization.
Naomi（lawyer）
Historically，jobs working at sea were likely the least safe，with the highest rates of death in the workplace. In modern times，space is no different，if not worse. Once we are just 10，000 meters or so above the surface of the Earth，there is little oxygen and the temperature is too low for human survival. Since the first person went into space in 1961，19 of 652 astronauts have died on the job： a fatality rate of 2.9％. No other business or industry would tolerate such a high level of danger. Why should the space industry？
Victor（financial analyst）
Space exploration has contributed hugely to economic growth. In the USA，NASA provided work for nearly 340，000 people in 2021，mostly at above−average salaries，and it is estimated that it has contributed $7.7 billion in taxes to the US government. Space is also being explored by other countries，such as China，India，Japan，and Russia. In the future，further economic growth will be ensured by more private firms entering the space race and by the rise of space tourism，space mining，space colonization，and space militarization.
Both Christine and Victor mention that space exploration （ ）.
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問題
大学入学共通テスト（英語）試験 令和7年度（2025年度）本試験 問39（英語リーディング（第8問） 問2） （訂正依頼・報告はこちら）
各大問の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are working on an essay about space exploration. You will follow the steps below：
Step 1：Read a range of opinions gathered from the Internet about exploring outer space.
Step 2：Take a position on space exploration.
Step 3：Create an outline of your essay using additional sources.
▶［Step 1］Read a range of opinions
Apu（university professor）
The exploration of space requires a lot of research time and money. All this research has led to many new inventions and boosted humanity’s scientific and technical knowledge. While laser eye surgery，solar cells，freeze−dried food，and wireless headsets are just a few examples that have come out of space research，perhaps the invention that has proven the most useful in modern life is the computer mouse. This was developed in the 1960s on a NASA research project.
Christine（company CEO）
Much space exploration relies on international cooperation，a good example being the International Space Station，launched in 1998. The main reasons for this cooperation are to share the huge costs involved and to improve national prestige. More recently，private companies have begun exploring space，though mostly for commercial reasons. In the future，it is possible that countries or corporations will try to colonize parts of the moon or Mars. While financial cooperation and raising prestige are welcome，improper commercial or military use of outer space is not.
Meilin（journalist）
As the famous physicist，Stephen Hawking，once said，it is probably dangerous to broadcast into deep space evidence of the existence of humans here on Earth. If our nearest intelligent aliens are anything like us，then they will seek to conquer Earth and humanity. For me，this is the greatest threat associated with space exploration. The deeper into space we travel，the greater the likelihood Earth will be discovered by an aggressive alien civilization.
Naomi（lawyer）
Historically，jobs working at sea were likely the least safe，with the highest rates of death in the workplace. In modern times，space is no different，if not worse. Once we are just 10，000 meters or so above the surface of the Earth，there is little oxygen and the temperature is too low for human survival. Since the first person went into space in 1961，19 of 652 astronauts have died on the job： a fatality rate of 2.9％. No other business or industry would tolerate such a high level of danger. Why should the space industry？
Victor（financial analyst）
Space exploration has contributed hugely to economic growth. In the USA，NASA provided work for nearly 340，000 people in 2021，mostly at above−average salaries，and it is estimated that it has contributed $7.7 billion in taxes to the US government. Space is also being explored by other countries，such as China，India，Japan，and Russia. In the future，further economic growth will be ensured by more private firms entering the space race and by the rise of space tourism，space mining，space colonization，and space militarization.
Both Christine and Victor mention that space exploration （ ）.
You are working on an essay about space exploration. You will follow the steps below：
Step 1：Read a range of opinions gathered from the Internet about exploring outer space.
Step 2：Take a position on space exploration.
Step 3：Create an outline of your essay using additional sources.
▶［Step 1］Read a range of opinions
Apu（university professor）
The exploration of space requires a lot of research time and money. All this research has led to many new inventions and boosted humanity’s scientific and technical knowledge. While laser eye surgery，solar cells，freeze−dried food，and wireless headsets are just a few examples that have come out of space research，perhaps the invention that has proven the most useful in modern life is the computer mouse. This was developed in the 1960s on a NASA research project.
Christine（company CEO）
Much space exploration relies on international cooperation，a good example being the International Space Station，launched in 1998. The main reasons for this cooperation are to share the huge costs involved and to improve national prestige. More recently，private companies have begun exploring space，though mostly for commercial reasons. In the future，it is possible that countries or corporations will try to colonize parts of the moon or Mars. While financial cooperation and raising prestige are welcome，improper commercial or military use of outer space is not.
Meilin（journalist）
As the famous physicist，Stephen Hawking，once said，it is probably dangerous to broadcast into deep space evidence of the existence of humans here on Earth. If our nearest intelligent aliens are anything like us，then they will seek to conquer Earth and humanity. For me，this is the greatest threat associated with space exploration. The deeper into space we travel，the greater the likelihood Earth will be discovered by an aggressive alien civilization.
Naomi（lawyer）
Historically，jobs working at sea were likely the least safe，with the highest rates of death in the workplace. In modern times，space is no different，if not worse. Once we are just 10，000 meters or so above the surface of the Earth，there is little oxygen and the temperature is too low for human survival. Since the first person went into space in 1961，19 of 652 astronauts have died on the job： a fatality rate of 2.9％. No other business or industry would tolerate such a high level of danger. Why should the space industry？
Victor（financial analyst）
Space exploration has contributed hugely to economic growth. In the USA，NASA provided work for nearly 340，000 people in 2021，mostly at above−average salaries，and it is estimated that it has contributed $7.7 billion in taxes to the US government. Space is also being explored by other countries，such as China，India，Japan，and Russia. In the future，further economic growth will be ensured by more private firms entering the space race and by the rise of space tourism，space mining，space colonization，and space militarization.
Both Christine and Victor mention that space exploration （ ）.
- has economic impacts and provides opportunities for private corporations to make money
- is gaining popularity and that salaries for people working in the industry are above average
- is politically challenging as it requires coordination among countries with different policies
- needs global cooperation，especially to operate the International Space Station successfully
正解！素晴らしいです
残念...
この過去問の解説 （2件）
01
「クリスティーンとヴィクターの両者とも宇宙探索は（ ）であると述べています。」
２段落目にクリスティーン、最終段落にヴィクターの考えが述べられているため、見てみると、
クリスティーンは”Much space exploration relies on international cooperation，a good example being the International Space Station，launched in 1998. The main reasons for this cooperation are to share the huge costs involved and to improve national prestige. More recently，private companies have begun exploring space，though mostly for commercial reasons. In the future，it is possible that countries or corporations will try to colonize parts of the moon or Mars. While financial cooperation and raising prestige are welcome，improper commercial or military use of outer space is not.”
「多くの宇宙探索は国際協力に依存しており、1998年に始まった国際宇宙ステーションが良い例です。この協力の主な理由は莫大なコストをシェアするためと、国家の威信を改良するためです。さらに最近では、企業が商業的な理由により、宇宙探索を初めています。将来的に、国または協力機関が月または火星の一部を植民地化しようとする可能性があります。威信を上げることまたは経済協力は歓迎ですが、宇宙の不適切な商業または軍事利用は歓迎しません。」
一方ヴィクターは、”Space exploration has contributed hugely to economic growth. In the USA，NASA provided work for nearly 340，000 people in 2021，mostly at above−average salaries，and it is estimated that it has contributed $7.7 billion in taxes to the US government. Space is also being explored by other countries，such as China，India，Japan，and Russia. In the future，further economic growth will be ensured by more private firms entering the space race and by the rise of space tourism，space mining，space colonization，and space militarization.”
「宇宙探索は大規模に経済成長へ貢献しました。アメリカでは、2021年NASAは340000人に職を提供し、大部分は平均以上の給与で、また77億円分の税金に貢献していると計算されています。宇宙は同様に中国、インド、日本、ロシアなど他の国々でも探索されています。将来、さらなる経済成長は宇宙開発競争に加わっていく企業や宇宙観光の高まり、宇宙採掘、宇宙の植民地化や宇宙軍事化により保証されるでしょう。」
両者に共通しているのは経済成長のため、それに当てはまる選択肢を探します。
「経済的なインパクトがあり、企業が儲ける機会を提供している」
どちらとも個人企業（private company,private film）にビジネスチャンスがあるという話をしているため、正解となります。
「人気を得て、その産業で働く人々の給料は平均よりも上である。」
ヴィクターによってNASAが仕事を供給し、給料が平均以上という話はありますがクリスティーンは特に言及していません。
「異なるポリシーを持った国々との調整が必要なため、政治的に困難である。」
言及はありません。
「特に国際宇宙ステーションを成功させるために、国際協力が必要である」
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02
Both Christine and Victor mention that space exploration （ ）.
この問題文は
「ChristineとVictorの両方とも、宇宙探索は（ ）だと述べている」
です。
したがって2人の発言で、宇宙探索に関する箇所を見ていきます。
該当箇所は
Christine（company CEO）
Much space exploration relies on international cooperation，a good example being the International Space Station，launched in 1998. The main reasons for this cooperation are to share the huge costs involved and to improve national prestige.
（宇宙探索の大半は国際協力に依存しています。1998に設置された国際宇宙ステーションが良い例です。主な協力理由は、参加するのにかかる莫大なコストをシェアし、国家の威信を改善するためです。）
Victor（financial analyst）
Space exploration has contributed hugely to economic growth. In the USA，NASA provided work for nearly 340，000 people in 2021，mostly at above−average salaries，and it is estimated that it has contributed $7.7 billion in taxes to the US government.
（宇宙探索は、経済成長に多大な貢献をしました。アメリカのナサでは、2021年、約３４万人が働き、ほとんどが平均賃金を上回っています。アメリカ政府への税金に、77億貢献していると見積られています。）
この2人が共通して述べているのは、経済に良い影響を与えているという「金銭面」です。それに該当するものを選びます。
「正解 「経済的な影響を与え、個人会社が利益を得る機会を提供している」
経済的な金銭面を述べているので正解です。
「人気を得て、その産業で働く人の給料は平均より高い」
経済的なお金の話です。
「政治的に困難だ。というのも異なるポリシーを持つ国と調整が必要だからだ」
「特に、国際宇宙ステーションを成功させるために、国際協力が必要だ。」
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