共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和7年度（2025年度）追・再試験
問43 (英語リーディング（第8問） 問6)

各大問の英文や図表を読み、解答にあてはまるものとして最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。

You are working on an essay about zoos.You will follow the steps below：

　Step1： Read a range of opinions gathered from the Internet about the pros and cons of zoos.
　Step2： Take a position on zoos.
　Step3： Create an outline of your essay using additional sources.

▶［Step 1］Read a range of opinions
Aya（local government advisor）
In terms of their business practices， zoos are unusual in that， in principle， they don’t buy animals.
Apart from pandas， they only exchange them with other zoos. Nevertheless， zoos boost local economies： The money saved on not having to purchase their “product” can be used for employing staff， building zoo infrastructure， or running animal medical programs. Other benefits provided by zoos include collaborating with universities on research， or with schools on children’s education.

David（urban planner）
Most zoos are located in urban areas， ensuring the business is economically viable because of the large population. However， keeping dangerous and， in some cases， man−eating animals in the middle of a sea of humans can be a huge risk. In the country of Georgia， such animals as bears and lions recently escaped from Tbilisi Zoo after flooding， posing a danger to local citizens. Perhaps we should close down zoos for safety reasons.

Indira（student）
Zoos are prisons for animals. Imagine being a cheetah， used to traveling long distances for food. Then imagine being locked up for the rest of your life in a relatively small space， with no choice in your food， very little stimulation， and lots of strange， noisy humans looking at you every day. We would not expose any persons to such cruel treatment. Why do so many people think it’s OK to
treat animals in such a way？

Kenyatta（journalist）
Zoos perform an important function in international relations. China is well known for its “panda politics，” whereby pandas are “loaned” to overseas zoos as a part of the country’s “soft power.” Trade deals are often found where an animal is symbolic of a particular nation and is in high demand， like koalas and Australia. Animals may be temporarily swapped between countries as part of a political treaty， in the same way as art galleries exchange paintings. This can also help promote the mutual flow of zoological information that improves global connectivity.

Yo（office worker）
One possible cause of pandemics is the migration of an animal virus to humans. While so−called “virus jumping” can happen in the wild， or at markets where live animals are sold， zoos too must be considered as a potential source of such events. Given the loss of life and economic disruption that can be brought about by pandemics， governments around the world must guarantee that proper procedures are followed at zoos and safari parks in order to ensure such a leap between species cannot occur.

▶［Step 2］Take a position
POSITION: We should support and actively maintain zoos.
● Aya’s and Kenyatta's opinions support this the most.
● An argument common to these two people is that sharing knowledge is an important function of a zoo.

▶［Step 3］Create an outline of your essay
Essay outline

We should support and actively maintain zoos
Introduction
Zoos offer many different benefits and should be viewed positively for the following three reasons.

Body
REASON 1 from Step 2， based on evidence from the opinions in Step 1
REASON 2（　43　）， based on evidence from Source A
REASON 3， based on evidence（　44　）from Source B

Conclusion
We should continue to provide zoos with help and resources.


＜Source A＞
According to the Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature， more than 42，000 species were regarded as threatened with extinction in 2022， compared to approximately 24，000 in 2016. Recently， zoos have been expected to play a more active role in animal species conservation. To prevent endangered animals from becoming extinct， and to restore their populations， two methods have been adopted： on−site and off−site conservation. The former tries to preserve species through working in their natural surroundings， while the latter tries to protect and breed species in captivity and aims to return them back to the wild. Japanese zoos have been actively involved in off−site conservation and have had positive results. Two good examples are the crested ibis（ toki ）and the white stork（ kounotori ）. Although they once disappeared from the natural world， their numbers have been growing due to the efforts of zoos.

＜Source B＞
Kids like animals， but which animals do they like？ Three hundred Japanese children aged three to six were shown various animals and asked whether they liked them. The number of “likes” for each animal was noted and the top 10 are shown in the table. Checked animals are those that， in Japan， can be seen only in zoos（including safari parks）.

Based on Source A， which of the following is the most appropriate for REASON 2？