大学入学共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和4年度（2022年度）追・再試験
問44 (英語リーディング（第6問） 問B（1）)
問題文
各問いの英文や図表を読み、解答番号にあてはまるものとして最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are in a student group preparing a poster for a presentation contest.You have been using the following passage to create the poster.
A Brief History of Units of Length
Since ancient times， people have measured things.Measuring helps humans say how long， far， big， or heavy something is with some kind of accuracy.While weight and volume are important for the exchange of food， it can be argued that one of the most useful measurements is length because it is needed to calculate area， which helps in the exchange， protection， and taxation of property.
Measuring systems would often be based on or related to the human body.One of the earliest known measuring systems was the cubit， which was created around the 3rd millennium BC in Egypt and Mesopotamia.One cubit was the length of a man’s forearm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger， which according to one royal standard was 524 millimeters（mm）.In addition， the old Roman foot （296mm）、 which probably came from the Egyptians， was based on a human foot.
A unit of measurement known as the yard probably originated in Britain after the Roman occupation and it is said to be based on the double cubit.Whatever its origin， there were several different yards in use in Britain.Each one was a different length until the 12th century when the yard was standardized as the length from King Henry I’s nose to his thumb on his outstretched arm.But it was not until the 14th century that official documents described the yard as being divided into three equal parts ― three feet ― with one foot consisting of 12 inches.While this description helped standardize the inch and foot， it wasn’t until the late 15th century， when King Henry Ⅶ distributed official metal samples of feet and yards， that people knew for certain their true length.Over the years， a number of small adjustments were made until the International Yard and Pound Agreement of 1959 finally defined the standard inch， foot， and yard as 25.4mm， 304.8mm， and 914.4mm respectively.
The use of the human body as a standard from which to develop a measuring system was not unique to western cultures.The traditional Chinese unit of length called chi ― now one-third of a meter ― was originally defined as the length from the tip of the thumb to the outstretched tip of the middle finger， which was around 200mm.However， over the years it increased in length and became known as the Chinese foot.Interestingly， the Japanese shaku， which was based on the chi， is almost the same as one standard foot.It is only 1.8mm shorter.
The connection between the human body and measurement can also be found in sailing.The fathom（6 feet）、the best-known unit for measuring the depth of the sea in the English-speaking world， was historically an ancient Greek measurement.It was not a very accurate measurement as it was based on the length of rope a sailor could extend from open arm to open arm.Like many other British and American units， it was also standardized in 1959.
The metric system， first described in 1668 and officially adopted by the French government in 1799， has now become the dominant measuring system worldwide.This system has slowly been adopted by many countries as either their standard measuring system or as an alternative to their traditional system.While the metric system is mainly used by the scientific， medical， and industrial professions， traditional commercial activities still continue to use local traditional measuring systems.For example， in Japan， window widths are measured in ken（6 shaku）.
Once， an understanding of the relationship between different measures was only something traders and tax officials needed to know.However， now that international online shopping has spread around the world， we all need to know a little about other countries’ measuring systems so that we know how much， or how little， of something we are buying.
When you were checking the statements under the first poster heading， everyone in the group agreed that one suggestion did not fit well.Which of the following should you not include？（ 44 ）
You are in a student group preparing a poster for a presentation contest.You have been using the following passage to create the poster.
A Brief History of Units of Length
Since ancient times， people have measured things.Measuring helps humans say how long， far， big， or heavy something is with some kind of accuracy.While weight and volume are important for the exchange of food， it can be argued that one of the most useful measurements is length because it is needed to calculate area， which helps in the exchange， protection， and taxation of property.
Measuring systems would often be based on or related to the human body.One of the earliest known measuring systems was the cubit， which was created around the 3rd millennium BC in Egypt and Mesopotamia.One cubit was the length of a man’s forearm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger， which according to one royal standard was 524 millimeters（mm）.In addition， the old Roman foot （296mm）、 which probably came from the Egyptians， was based on a human foot.
A unit of measurement known as the yard probably originated in Britain after the Roman occupation and it is said to be based on the double cubit.Whatever its origin， there were several different yards in use in Britain.Each one was a different length until the 12th century when the yard was standardized as the length from King Henry I’s nose to his thumb on his outstretched arm.But it was not until the 14th century that official documents described the yard as being divided into three equal parts ― three feet ― with one foot consisting of 12 inches.While this description helped standardize the inch and foot， it wasn’t until the late 15th century， when King Henry Ⅶ distributed official metal samples of feet and yards， that people knew for certain their true length.Over the years， a number of small adjustments were made until the International Yard and Pound Agreement of 1959 finally defined the standard inch， foot， and yard as 25.4mm， 304.8mm， and 914.4mm respectively.
The use of the human body as a standard from which to develop a measuring system was not unique to western cultures.The traditional Chinese unit of length called chi ― now one-third of a meter ― was originally defined as the length from the tip of the thumb to the outstretched tip of the middle finger， which was around 200mm.However， over the years it increased in length and became known as the Chinese foot.Interestingly， the Japanese shaku， which was based on the chi， is almost the same as one standard foot.It is only 1.8mm shorter.
The connection between the human body and measurement can also be found in sailing.The fathom（6 feet）、the best-known unit for measuring the depth of the sea in the English-speaking world， was historically an ancient Greek measurement.It was not a very accurate measurement as it was based on the length of rope a sailor could extend from open arm to open arm.Like many other British and American units， it was also standardized in 1959.
The metric system， first described in 1668 and officially adopted by the French government in 1799， has now become the dominant measuring system worldwide.This system has slowly been adopted by many countries as either their standard measuring system or as an alternative to their traditional system.While the metric system is mainly used by the scientific， medical， and industrial professions， traditional commercial activities still continue to use local traditional measuring systems.For example， in Japan， window widths are measured in ken（6 shaku）.
Once， an understanding of the relationship between different measures was only something traders and tax officials needed to know.However， now that international online shopping has spread around the world， we all need to know a little about other countries’ measuring systems so that we know how much， or how little， of something we are buying.
When you were checking the statements under the first poster heading， everyone in the group agreed that one suggestion did not fit well.Which of the following should you not include？（ 44 ）
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問題
大学入学共通テスト（英語）試験 令和4年度（2022年度）追・再試験 問44（英語リーディング（第6問） 問B（1）） （訂正依頼・報告はこちら）
各問いの英文や図表を読み、解答番号にあてはまるものとして最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are in a student group preparing a poster for a presentation contest.You have been using the following passage to create the poster.
A Brief History of Units of Length
Since ancient times， people have measured things.Measuring helps humans say how long， far， big， or heavy something is with some kind of accuracy.While weight and volume are important for the exchange of food， it can be argued that one of the most useful measurements is length because it is needed to calculate area， which helps in the exchange， protection， and taxation of property.
Measuring systems would often be based on or related to the human body.One of the earliest known measuring systems was the cubit， which was created around the 3rd millennium BC in Egypt and Mesopotamia.One cubit was the length of a man’s forearm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger， which according to one royal standard was 524 millimeters（mm）.In addition， the old Roman foot （296mm）、 which probably came from the Egyptians， was based on a human foot.
A unit of measurement known as the yard probably originated in Britain after the Roman occupation and it is said to be based on the double cubit.Whatever its origin， there were several different yards in use in Britain.Each one was a different length until the 12th century when the yard was standardized as the length from King Henry I’s nose to his thumb on his outstretched arm.But it was not until the 14th century that official documents described the yard as being divided into three equal parts ― three feet ― with one foot consisting of 12 inches.While this description helped standardize the inch and foot， it wasn’t until the late 15th century， when King Henry Ⅶ distributed official metal samples of feet and yards， that people knew for certain their true length.Over the years， a number of small adjustments were made until the International Yard and Pound Agreement of 1959 finally defined the standard inch， foot， and yard as 25.4mm， 304.8mm， and 914.4mm respectively.
The use of the human body as a standard from which to develop a measuring system was not unique to western cultures.The traditional Chinese unit of length called chi ― now one-third of a meter ― was originally defined as the length from the tip of the thumb to the outstretched tip of the middle finger， which was around 200mm.However， over the years it increased in length and became known as the Chinese foot.Interestingly， the Japanese shaku， which was based on the chi， is almost the same as one standard foot.It is only 1.8mm shorter.
The connection between the human body and measurement can also be found in sailing.The fathom（6 feet）、the best-known unit for measuring the depth of the sea in the English-speaking world， was historically an ancient Greek measurement.It was not a very accurate measurement as it was based on the length of rope a sailor could extend from open arm to open arm.Like many other British and American units， it was also standardized in 1959.
The metric system， first described in 1668 and officially adopted by the French government in 1799， has now become the dominant measuring system worldwide.This system has slowly been adopted by many countries as either their standard measuring system or as an alternative to their traditional system.While the metric system is mainly used by the scientific， medical， and industrial professions， traditional commercial activities still continue to use local traditional measuring systems.For example， in Japan， window widths are measured in ken（6 shaku）.
Once， an understanding of the relationship between different measures was only something traders and tax officials needed to know.However， now that international online shopping has spread around the world， we all need to know a little about other countries’ measuring systems so that we know how much， or how little， of something we are buying.
When you were checking the statements under the first poster heading， everyone in the group agreed that one suggestion did not fit well.Which of the following should you not include？（ 44 ）
You are in a student group preparing a poster for a presentation contest.You have been using the following passage to create the poster.
A Brief History of Units of Length
Since ancient times， people have measured things.Measuring helps humans say how long， far， big， or heavy something is with some kind of accuracy.While weight and volume are important for the exchange of food， it can be argued that one of the most useful measurements is length because it is needed to calculate area， which helps in the exchange， protection， and taxation of property.
Measuring systems would often be based on or related to the human body.One of the earliest known measuring systems was the cubit， which was created around the 3rd millennium BC in Egypt and Mesopotamia.One cubit was the length of a man’s forearm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger， which according to one royal standard was 524 millimeters（mm）.In addition， the old Roman foot （296mm）、 which probably came from the Egyptians， was based on a human foot.
A unit of measurement known as the yard probably originated in Britain after the Roman occupation and it is said to be based on the double cubit.Whatever its origin， there were several different yards in use in Britain.Each one was a different length until the 12th century when the yard was standardized as the length from King Henry I’s nose to his thumb on his outstretched arm.But it was not until the 14th century that official documents described the yard as being divided into three equal parts ― three feet ― with one foot consisting of 12 inches.While this description helped standardize the inch and foot， it wasn’t until the late 15th century， when King Henry Ⅶ distributed official metal samples of feet and yards， that people knew for certain their true length.Over the years， a number of small adjustments were made until the International Yard and Pound Agreement of 1959 finally defined the standard inch， foot， and yard as 25.4mm， 304.8mm， and 914.4mm respectively.
The use of the human body as a standard from which to develop a measuring system was not unique to western cultures.The traditional Chinese unit of length called chi ― now one-third of a meter ― was originally defined as the length from the tip of the thumb to the outstretched tip of the middle finger， which was around 200mm.However， over the years it increased in length and became known as the Chinese foot.Interestingly， the Japanese shaku， which was based on the chi， is almost the same as one standard foot.It is only 1.8mm shorter.
The connection between the human body and measurement can also be found in sailing.The fathom（6 feet）、the best-known unit for measuring the depth of the sea in the English-speaking world， was historically an ancient Greek measurement.It was not a very accurate measurement as it was based on the length of rope a sailor could extend from open arm to open arm.Like many other British and American units， it was also standardized in 1959.
The metric system， first described in 1668 and officially adopted by the French government in 1799， has now become the dominant measuring system worldwide.This system has slowly been adopted by many countries as either their standard measuring system or as an alternative to their traditional system.While the metric system is mainly used by the scientific， medical， and industrial professions， traditional commercial activities still continue to use local traditional measuring systems.For example， in Japan， window widths are measured in ken（6 shaku）.
Once， an understanding of the relationship between different measures was only something traders and tax officials needed to know.However， now that international online shopping has spread around the world， we all need to know a little about other countries’ measuring systems so that we know how much， or how little， of something we are buying.
When you were checking the statements under the first poster heading， everyone in the group agreed that one suggestion did not fit well.Which of the following should you not include？（ 44 ）
- A
- B
- C
- D
- E
正解！素晴らしいです
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