大学入学共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和6年度（2024年度）本試験
問49 (＜旧課程＞英語リーディング（第6問） 問11)
問題文
各問の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are preparing a presentation for your science club，using the following passage from a science website.
Chili Peppers： The Spice of Life
Tiny pieces of red spice in chili chicken add a nice touch of color，but biting into even a small piece can make a person’s mouth burn as if it were on fire.While some people love this，others want to avoid the painful sensation.At the same time，though，they can eat sashimi with wasabi.This might lead one to wonder what spiciness actually is and to ask where the difference between chili and wasabi comes from.
Unlike sweetness，saltiness，and sourness，spiciness is not a taste.In fact，we do not actually taste heat，or spiciness，when we eat spicy foods.The bite we feel from eating chili peppers and wasabi is derived from different types of compounds.Chili peppers get their heat from a heavier，oil−like element called capsaicin.Capsaicin leaves a lingering，fire−like sensation in our mouths because it triggers a receptor called TRPV1.TRPV1 induces stress and tells us when something is burning our mouths.Interestingly，there is a wide range of heat across the different varieties of chili peppers，and the level depends on the amount of capsaicin they contain. This is measured using the Scoville Scale，which is also called Scoville Heat Units（SHU）.SHUs range from the sweet and mild shishito pepper at 50−200 SHUs to the Carolina Reaper pepper，which can reach up to 2.2 million.
Wasabi is considered a root，not a pepper，and does not contain capsaicin. Thus，wasabi is not ranked on the Scoville Scale.However，people have compared the level of spice in it to chilis with around 1，000 SHUs，which is on the lower end of the scale.The reason some people cannot tolerate chili spice but can eat foods flavored with wasabi is that the spice compounds in it are low in density.The compounds in wasabi vaporize easily，delivering a blast of spiciness to our nose when we eat it.
Consuming chili peppers can have positive effects on our health，and much research has been conducted into the benefits of capsaicin.When capsaicin activates the TRPV1 receptor in a person’s body，it is similar to what happens when they experience stress or pain from an injury. Strangely，capsaicin can also make pain go away.Scientists found that TRPV1 ceases to be turned on after long−term exposure to chili peppers，temporarily easing painful sensations.Thus，skin creams containing capsaicin might be useful for people who experience muscle aches.
Another benefit of eating chili peppers is that they accelerate the metabolism.A group of researchers analyzed 90 studies on capsaicin and body weight and found that people had a reduced appetite when they ate spicy foods.This is because spicy foods increase the heart rate，send more energy to the muscles，and convert fat into energy.Recently，scientists at the University of Wyoming have created a weight−loss drug with capsaicin as a main ingredient.
It is also believed that chili peppers are connected with food safety，which might lead to a healthier life.When food is left outside of a refrigerated environment，microorganisms multiply on it，which may cause sickness if eaten.Studies have shown that capsaicin and other chemicals found in chili peppers have antibacterial properties that can slow down or even stop microorganism growth.As a result，food lasts longer and there are fewer food−borne illnesses.This may explain why people in hot climates have a tendency to use more chili peppers，and therefore，be more tolerant of spicier foods due to repeated exposure.Also，in the past，before there were refrigerators，they were less likely to have food poisoning than people in cooler climates.
Chili peppers seem to have health benefits，but can they also be bad for our health？ Peppers that are high on the Scoville Scale can cause physical discomfort when eaten in large quantities.People who have eaten several of the world’s hottest chilis in a short time have reported experiencing upset stomachs，diarrhea，numb hands，and symptoms similar to a heart attack.Ghost peppers，which contain one million SHUs，can even burn a person’s skin if they are touched.
Luckily the discomfort some people feel after eating spicy foods tends to go away soon―usually within a few hours.Despite some negative side effects，spicy foods remain popular around the world and add a flavorful touch to the table.Remember，it is safe to consume spicy foods，but you might want to be careful about the amount of peppers you put in your dishes.
Choose the most appropriate remark for Slide 6.（ 49 ）
You are preparing a presentation for your science club，using the following passage from a science website.
Chili Peppers： The Spice of Life
Tiny pieces of red spice in chili chicken add a nice touch of color，but biting into even a small piece can make a person’s mouth burn as if it were on fire.While some people love this，others want to avoid the painful sensation.At the same time，though，they can eat sashimi with wasabi.This might lead one to wonder what spiciness actually is and to ask where the difference between chili and wasabi comes from.
Unlike sweetness，saltiness，and sourness，spiciness is not a taste.In fact，we do not actually taste heat，or spiciness，when we eat spicy foods.The bite we feel from eating chili peppers and wasabi is derived from different types of compounds.Chili peppers get their heat from a heavier，oil−like element called capsaicin.Capsaicin leaves a lingering，fire−like sensation in our mouths because it triggers a receptor called TRPV1.TRPV1 induces stress and tells us when something is burning our mouths.Interestingly，there is a wide range of heat across the different varieties of chili peppers，and the level depends on the amount of capsaicin they contain. This is measured using the Scoville Scale，which is also called Scoville Heat Units（SHU）.SHUs range from the sweet and mild shishito pepper at 50−200 SHUs to the Carolina Reaper pepper，which can reach up to 2.2 million.
Wasabi is considered a root，not a pepper，and does not contain capsaicin. Thus，wasabi is not ranked on the Scoville Scale.However，people have compared the level of spice in it to chilis with around 1，000 SHUs，which is on the lower end of the scale.The reason some people cannot tolerate chili spice but can eat foods flavored with wasabi is that the spice compounds in it are low in density.The compounds in wasabi vaporize easily，delivering a blast of spiciness to our nose when we eat it.
Consuming chili peppers can have positive effects on our health，and much research has been conducted into the benefits of capsaicin.When capsaicin activates the TRPV1 receptor in a person’s body，it is similar to what happens when they experience stress or pain from an injury. Strangely，capsaicin can also make pain go away.Scientists found that TRPV1 ceases to be turned on after long−term exposure to chili peppers，temporarily easing painful sensations.Thus，skin creams containing capsaicin might be useful for people who experience muscle aches.
Another benefit of eating chili peppers is that they accelerate the metabolism.A group of researchers analyzed 90 studies on capsaicin and body weight and found that people had a reduced appetite when they ate spicy foods.This is because spicy foods increase the heart rate，send more energy to the muscles，and convert fat into energy.Recently，scientists at the University of Wyoming have created a weight−loss drug with capsaicin as a main ingredient.
It is also believed that chili peppers are connected with food safety，which might lead to a healthier life.When food is left outside of a refrigerated environment，microorganisms multiply on it，which may cause sickness if eaten.Studies have shown that capsaicin and other chemicals found in chili peppers have antibacterial properties that can slow down or even stop microorganism growth.As a result，food lasts longer and there are fewer food−borne illnesses.This may explain why people in hot climates have a tendency to use more chili peppers，and therefore，be more tolerant of spicier foods due to repeated exposure.Also，in the past，before there were refrigerators，they were less likely to have food poisoning than people in cooler climates.
Chili peppers seem to have health benefits，but can they also be bad for our health？ Peppers that are high on the Scoville Scale can cause physical discomfort when eaten in large quantities.People who have eaten several of the world’s hottest chilis in a short time have reported experiencing upset stomachs，diarrhea，numb hands，and symptoms similar to a heart attack.Ghost peppers，which contain one million SHUs，can even burn a person’s skin if they are touched.
Luckily the discomfort some people feel after eating spicy foods tends to go away soon―usually within a few hours.Despite some negative side effects，spicy foods remain popular around the world and add a flavorful touch to the table.Remember，it is safe to consume spicy foods，but you might want to be careful about the amount of peppers you put in your dishes.
Choose the most appropriate remark for Slide 6.（ 49 ）
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問題
大学入学共通テスト（英語）試験 令和6年度（2024年度）本試験 問49（＜旧課程＞英語リーディング（第6問） 問11） （訂正依頼・報告はこちら）
各問の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are preparing a presentation for your science club，using the following passage from a science website.
Chili Peppers： The Spice of Life
Tiny pieces of red spice in chili chicken add a nice touch of color，but biting into even a small piece can make a person’s mouth burn as if it were on fire.While some people love this，others want to avoid the painful sensation.At the same time，though，they can eat sashimi with wasabi.This might lead one to wonder what spiciness actually is and to ask where the difference between chili and wasabi comes from.
Unlike sweetness，saltiness，and sourness，spiciness is not a taste.In fact，we do not actually taste heat，or spiciness，when we eat spicy foods.The bite we feel from eating chili peppers and wasabi is derived from different types of compounds.Chili peppers get their heat from a heavier，oil−like element called capsaicin.Capsaicin leaves a lingering，fire−like sensation in our mouths because it triggers a receptor called TRPV1.TRPV1 induces stress and tells us when something is burning our mouths.Interestingly，there is a wide range of heat across the different varieties of chili peppers，and the level depends on the amount of capsaicin they contain. This is measured using the Scoville Scale，which is also called Scoville Heat Units（SHU）.SHUs range from the sweet and mild shishito pepper at 50−200 SHUs to the Carolina Reaper pepper，which can reach up to 2.2 million.
Wasabi is considered a root，not a pepper，and does not contain capsaicin. Thus，wasabi is not ranked on the Scoville Scale.However，people have compared the level of spice in it to chilis with around 1，000 SHUs，which is on the lower end of the scale.The reason some people cannot tolerate chili spice but can eat foods flavored with wasabi is that the spice compounds in it are low in density.The compounds in wasabi vaporize easily，delivering a blast of spiciness to our nose when we eat it.
Consuming chili peppers can have positive effects on our health，and much research has been conducted into the benefits of capsaicin.When capsaicin activates the TRPV1 receptor in a person’s body，it is similar to what happens when they experience stress or pain from an injury. Strangely，capsaicin can also make pain go away.Scientists found that TRPV1 ceases to be turned on after long−term exposure to chili peppers，temporarily easing painful sensations.Thus，skin creams containing capsaicin might be useful for people who experience muscle aches.
Another benefit of eating chili peppers is that they accelerate the metabolism.A group of researchers analyzed 90 studies on capsaicin and body weight and found that people had a reduced appetite when they ate spicy foods.This is because spicy foods increase the heart rate，send more energy to the muscles，and convert fat into energy.Recently，scientists at the University of Wyoming have created a weight−loss drug with capsaicin as a main ingredient.
It is also believed that chili peppers are connected with food safety，which might lead to a healthier life.When food is left outside of a refrigerated environment，microorganisms multiply on it，which may cause sickness if eaten.Studies have shown that capsaicin and other chemicals found in chili peppers have antibacterial properties that can slow down or even stop microorganism growth.As a result，food lasts longer and there are fewer food−borne illnesses.This may explain why people in hot climates have a tendency to use more chili peppers，and therefore，be more tolerant of spicier foods due to repeated exposure.Also，in the past，before there were refrigerators，they were less likely to have food poisoning than people in cooler climates.
Chili peppers seem to have health benefits，but can they also be bad for our health？ Peppers that are high on the Scoville Scale can cause physical discomfort when eaten in large quantities.People who have eaten several of the world’s hottest chilis in a short time have reported experiencing upset stomachs，diarrhea，numb hands，and symptoms similar to a heart attack.Ghost peppers，which contain one million SHUs，can even burn a person’s skin if they are touched.
Luckily the discomfort some people feel after eating spicy foods tends to go away soon―usually within a few hours.Despite some negative side effects，spicy foods remain popular around the world and add a flavorful touch to the table.Remember，it is safe to consume spicy foods，but you might want to be careful about the amount of peppers you put in your dishes.
Choose the most appropriate remark for Slide 6.（ 49 ）
You are preparing a presentation for your science club，using the following passage from a science website.
Chili Peppers： The Spice of Life
Tiny pieces of red spice in chili chicken add a nice touch of color，but biting into even a small piece can make a person’s mouth burn as if it were on fire.While some people love this，others want to avoid the painful sensation.At the same time，though，they can eat sashimi with wasabi.This might lead one to wonder what spiciness actually is and to ask where the difference between chili and wasabi comes from.
Unlike sweetness，saltiness，and sourness，spiciness is not a taste.In fact，we do not actually taste heat，or spiciness，when we eat spicy foods.The bite we feel from eating chili peppers and wasabi is derived from different types of compounds.Chili peppers get their heat from a heavier，oil−like element called capsaicin.Capsaicin leaves a lingering，fire−like sensation in our mouths because it triggers a receptor called TRPV1.TRPV1 induces stress and tells us when something is burning our mouths.Interestingly，there is a wide range of heat across the different varieties of chili peppers，and the level depends on the amount of capsaicin they contain. This is measured using the Scoville Scale，which is also called Scoville Heat Units（SHU）.SHUs range from the sweet and mild shishito pepper at 50−200 SHUs to the Carolina Reaper pepper，which can reach up to 2.2 million.
Wasabi is considered a root，not a pepper，and does not contain capsaicin. Thus，wasabi is not ranked on the Scoville Scale.However，people have compared the level of spice in it to chilis with around 1，000 SHUs，which is on the lower end of the scale.The reason some people cannot tolerate chili spice but can eat foods flavored with wasabi is that the spice compounds in it are low in density.The compounds in wasabi vaporize easily，delivering a blast of spiciness to our nose when we eat it.
Consuming chili peppers can have positive effects on our health，and much research has been conducted into the benefits of capsaicin.When capsaicin activates the TRPV1 receptor in a person’s body，it is similar to what happens when they experience stress or pain from an injury. Strangely，capsaicin can also make pain go away.Scientists found that TRPV1 ceases to be turned on after long−term exposure to chili peppers，temporarily easing painful sensations.Thus，skin creams containing capsaicin might be useful for people who experience muscle aches.
Another benefit of eating chili peppers is that they accelerate the metabolism.A group of researchers analyzed 90 studies on capsaicin and body weight and found that people had a reduced appetite when they ate spicy foods.This is because spicy foods increase the heart rate，send more energy to the muscles，and convert fat into energy.Recently，scientists at the University of Wyoming have created a weight−loss drug with capsaicin as a main ingredient.
It is also believed that chili peppers are connected with food safety，which might lead to a healthier life.When food is left outside of a refrigerated environment，microorganisms multiply on it，which may cause sickness if eaten.Studies have shown that capsaicin and other chemicals found in chili peppers have antibacterial properties that can slow down or even stop microorganism growth.As a result，food lasts longer and there are fewer food−borne illnesses.This may explain why people in hot climates have a tendency to use more chili peppers，and therefore，be more tolerant of spicier foods due to repeated exposure.Also，in the past，before there were refrigerators，they were less likely to have food poisoning than people in cooler climates.
Chili peppers seem to have health benefits，but can they also be bad for our health？ Peppers that are high on the Scoville Scale can cause physical discomfort when eaten in large quantities.People who have eaten several of the world’s hottest chilis in a short time have reported experiencing upset stomachs，diarrhea，numb hands，and symptoms similar to a heart attack.Ghost peppers，which contain one million SHUs，can even burn a person’s skin if they are touched.
Luckily the discomfort some people feel after eating spicy foods tends to go away soon―usually within a few hours.Despite some negative side effects，spicy foods remain popular around the world and add a flavorful touch to the table.Remember，it is safe to consume spicy foods，but you might want to be careful about the amount of peppers you put in your dishes.
Choose the most appropriate remark for Slide 6.（ 49 ）
- Don’t be afraid.Eating spicy foods will boost your confidence.
- Next time you eat chili chicken，remember its punch only stays for a second.
- Personality plays a big role in our spice preference，so don’t worry.
- Unfortunately，there are no cures for a low wasabi tolerance.
- When someone offers you some spicy food，remember it has some benefits.
正解！素晴らしいです
残念...
この過去問の解説 （2件）
01
スライド6では、結論について問われています。
文章全体から内容を取っていきましょう。
訳）怖がらないでください。辛い食べ物を食べると自信がつきます。
→間違い
自信については本文に書かれていません。
次にチリチキンを食べるときは、その辛さはほんの一瞬しか続かないことを思い出してください。
→間違い
チリチキンには唐辛子が使用されているので、一瞬だけではなく、持続的な痛みを感じます。
訳）スパイスの好みは性格によって大きく左右されるので、心配しないでください。
→間違い
性格の話は本文に書かれていません。
訳）残念ながら、ワサビ耐性が低い場合の治療法はありません。
→間違い
ワサビについての治療法についての話は出ていません。
訳）誰かがあなたに辛い食べ物を勧めてきたら、それには何らかの利点があることを思い出してください。
→正しい
スライド3で唐辛子を食べる利点が述べられているので、これが適しています。
参考になった数0
この解説の修正を提案する
02
この問題では、これまでの文章を把握し、この文章の結論に合った選択肢を選ぶ必要があります。
訳:怖がらないで。辛いものを食べると自信がつく。
自信については文中で述べられていないため、誤りです
訳:次にチリチキンを食べる時は、その刺激は一瞬だけだと覚えておいて。
スライド2より、チリチキンに使用する唐辛子の刺激は持続的な痛み(persistent feeling)なので、誤りです。
訳:辛いものの好みは性格が大きく影響するから、気にしなくて大丈夫。
性格については文中で述べられていないため、誤りです。
訳:残念ながら、わさび耐性が低いことへの特効薬はない。
文中では、唐辛子の耐性は繰り返し摂取することで後天的に習得できる(more tolerant of spicier foods due to repeated exposure)と記載があるが、わさびについては文中で述べられていないため、誤りです。
訳:誰かが辛いものを勧めてきたら、それにはメリットがあると覚えておいて。
スライド3で唐辛子を食べるメリットについて述べているため、この選択肢が正解です。
参考になった数0
この解説の修正を提案する
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