大学入学共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和6年度（2024年度）追・再試験
問47 (＜旧課程＞英語リーディング（第6問） 問9)
問題文
次の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
You are summarizing the steps in conducting the acoustic study on the smart shirt on Slide 4. Choose the best option for（ 47 ）.
Your slides：
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
You are summarizing the steps in conducting the acoustic study on the smart shirt on Slide 4. Choose the best option for（ 47 ）.
Your slides：
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問題
大学入学共通テスト（英語）試験 令和6年度（2024年度）追・再試験 問47（＜旧課程＞英語リーディング（第6問） 問9） （訂正依頼・報告はこちら）
次の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
You are summarizing the steps in conducting the acoustic study on the smart shirt on Slide 4. Choose the best option for（ 47 ）.
Your slides：
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
You are summarizing the steps in conducting the acoustic study on the smart shirt on Slide 4. Choose the best option for（ 47 ）.
Your slides：
- Mechanical vibrations were bent by the fabric.
- Sounds from various directions were made.
- The acoustic fabric recorded the sounds.
- The output from each fiber was saved.
- The researchers moved a shirt to different places.
- Various types of sounds were measured by a shirt.
正解！素晴らしいです
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