大学入学共通テスト（英語） 過去問
令和6年度（2024年度）追・再試験
問48 (＜旧課程＞英語リーディング（第6問） 問10)
問題文
次の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
What can be inferred as a possible benefit of wearing an acoustic fabric on Slide 5？ Choose the best option for （ 48 ）.
Your slides：
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
What can be inferred as a possible benefit of wearing an acoustic fabric on Slide 5？ Choose the best option for （ 48 ）.
Your slides：
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問題
大学入学共通テスト（英語）試験 令和6年度（2024年度）追・再試験 問48（＜旧課程＞英語リーディング（第6問） 問10） （訂正依頼・報告はこちら）
次の英文や図表を読み、最も適当な選択肢を選びなさい。
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
What can be inferred as a possible benefit of wearing an acoustic fabric on Slide 5？ Choose the best option for （ 48 ）.
Your slides：
You are preparing for a science fair presentation on a scientific discovery， using the following magazine article.
”Smart” Fabrics
Through the years， the fabrics we use have evolved to suit our changing lifestyles and needs. Linen， made from the fibers of a plant called flax， is one of the oldest textiles in the world. It naturally reflects away the sun and its intense heat， and allows better airflow than other types of fabric. Light and airy， linen has long been the ideal fabric for warm climates. With industrialization and population growth， however， cotton became more commonly used since it was suitable for mass production. Cloth made from cotton can be heavy and can trap body heat though， which may make people feel uncomfortable in very hot and humid weather.
Newer materials are always being developed as technology progresses， and ”smart” fabrics are a recent scientific breakthrough in the textile industry. Weaving flexible synthetic fibers into cloth can provide additional functions for the fabric. For example， scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology made a new fabric called ”metafabric” that deflects heat to keep people cooler. Such fabric can be used to create clothes that ease the discomfort people suffer when the temperature rises. In their experiment， a participant wore a vest consisting of two halves―one half cotton and the other half metafabric―and was exposed to direct sunlight for an hour. Underneath the cotton， the skin temperature soared to 37℃. In contrast， underneath the metafabric， the temperature rose by just one degree， from 31℃ to 32℃.
Another interesting example is a fabric that can detect sounds. The human ear picks up sound pressures， and the inner organs convert sound waves into mechanical vibrations and then into electrical signals. Similarly， ”piezoelectric materials，” which are typically used for microphones or speakers，produce an electrical signal when mechanically bent.
Using this knowledge， a team of researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Rhode Island School of Design came up with a so−called ”acoustic fabric.” The researchers wove a piezoelectric fiber into fabric and conducted a series of experiments. One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions. They sewed two pieces of acoustic fabric onto the back of a shirt. Then， they clapped their hands at various angles away from the shirt. The fiber converted the sound first into mechanical vibrations， then into electrical signals that were stored on a device. The fabric was successfully able to pinpoint the angle of the sounds. This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.
In addition to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions. Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features. The research group attached a single fiber over the chest region on a shirt and found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals. Furthermore， this result indicated the possibility of utilizing the fabric in maternity clothes to check an unborn baby’s heartbeat.
Researchers see applications of smart fabrics beyond clothing. A smart fabric with cooling performance can be applied to various products for different purposes， such as tents， car covers， curtains， and sunshade products. Acoustic fabrics can be integrated with spacecraft coatings to monitor cosmic debris， or be used to help detect cracks or strains in buildings. They can even be woven into a net to check on fish in the sea.
As these examples of textile innovation suggest， new fabrics can enhance our lives in many ways. You may not believe this， but the coolest things about these fabrics are that you can get ”smart” while wearing them and some of them are machine−washable！
What can be inferred as a possible benefit of wearing an acoustic fabric on Slide 5？ Choose the best option for （ 48 ）.
Your slides：
- A person with irregular cardiac activity can get help.
- Acoustic fabric can give a person directions on the street.
- It can help a person breathe more deeply and easily.
- It can reduce noise levels and answer phone calls.
正解！素晴らしいです
残念...
この過去問の解説 （3件）
01
アコースティックファブリックの実験からわかる利益として、正しいものを選びます。
本文5段落目にAnother experimetとあり、その付近の文章がスライド5枚目の内容と合致することがわかります。
スライド5枚目 和訳
目的：
アコースティックファブリックが聴診器（stethoscopes）として機能するかを見る
結果：
アコースティックファブリックは着用者の心拍を検出した
将来的な利益：
・問48
・妊婦用の服
選択肢和訳
・心拍数の異常がある人を助ける
・アコースティックファブリックは道順を示すのに役立つ
・より深く簡単に呼吸をするのを助ける
・雑音を減らし、電話応答が出来る
Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features.よりアコースティックファブリックが心臓のわずかな特徴を捉え、聴診器として使えるかどうかを目的に実験を行いました。
~found it accurately detected the wearer’s heart signals.より、着用者の心拍を検出した（＝聴診器として使えた）という結果がわかりました。
よって、将来的な利益として、心拍数の異常がある人を助けることに応用することが出来るとわかります。
正解です。
不正解です。
不正解です。
不正解です。
参考になった数0
この解説の修正を提案する
02
問の訳は以下の通りです。
スライド5で、アコースティックファブリックを着用することの利点は何が推測できますか？（ 48 ）に最適なオプションを選択してください。
アコースティックファブリックの活用について書かれている第5段落の文章を確認しましょう。
ウェアラブル補聴器としての機能に加え、アコースティックファブリックは呼吸（肺）、脈拍、心臓（心）の状態のモニタリングなど、様々な用途に活用できます。別の実験では、アコースティックファブリックを織り込んだ衣服が布製の聴診器として機能し、人の微細な心臓機能のモニタリングが可能かどうかを検証しました。研究グループは、シャツの胸部に1本のアコースティックファブリックを取り付け、着用者の心拍信号を正確に検出できることを確認できました。さらに、この結果は、この布をマタニティウェアに利用して胎児の心拍を確認できる可能性を示唆しています。
このことから、アコースティックファブリックを着用することで、身体状態のモニタリングや聴診器、対時の心拍の確認など医療機関での活用が期待できるということがわかります。
これらを踏まえて、各選択肢を確認しましょう。
訳:不整脈のある人は助けを得ることができます。
clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features.(シャツの胸部に1本のアコースティックファブリックを取り付け、着用者の心拍信号を正確に検出できることを確認できた。)と記載がありように、心拍を検出できることがわかります。よって、この選択肢が正解です。
訳:アコースティックファブリックは、路上で道案内をすることができます。
本文中で言及されていないため、不正解です。
訳:呼吸を深く楽にすることができます。
to functioning as wearable hearing aids， acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions.音響布はウェアラブル補聴器として機能するだけでなく、呼吸（肺）、脈拍、心臓（心臓）の状態を追跡するなどの他の目的にも使用できます。
と記載がありますが、 呼吸の状態を確認することはできますが、呼吸を楽にする機能は言及されていません。よって、不正解です。
訳:騒音レベルを下げ、電話に応答することができます。
第4段落で騒がしい環境での特定の音の識別に使用できると記載がありますが、(This could lead to a useful application for individuals with hearing aids to identify the direction of a specific sound even in noisy surroundings.)騒音レベルを下げたり、電話応答については、本文で言及されていないため、不正解です。
参考になった数0
この解説の修正を提案する
03
この設問では、
スライド5の「アコースティック・ファブリック（音響効果を持つ生地）」がもたらす将来的なメリットが問われています。
訳）心臓の活動が不規則な人は助けを得られる。
→正しい
下記本文参照
Another experiment tested whether clothes with acoustic fibers could act as fabric stethoscopes to monitor a person’s subtle cardiac features.
訳）
別の実験では、音響繊維を使った衣服が布製の聴診器として機能し、人の微妙な心臓機能のモニタリングが可能かどうかをテストしました。
→心臓機能のモニタリングができるようになるということは、心拍の不規則な動きを発見し、今後の医療の発展に繋げられるというメリットに接続できます。
訳）音響効果を持つ生地が通りでの道案内をしてくれる。
→間違い
第4段落で音の方向を特定できるとはありますが、地図のような道案内をしてくれるとは書かれていません。
下記本文参照
One experiment examined the fabric’s sensitivity to sound directions.
訳）より深く、楽に呼吸する助けになる。
→間違い
第5段落で呼吸状態を追跡できるとは書かれていますが、
呼吸を楽にするという治療的効果については書かれていません。
下記本文参照
acoustic fabric can be used for other purposes such as tracking respiratory（lung）， pulse， and cardiac（heart）conditions.
訳）音レベルを下げたり、電話に応答したりできる。
→間違い
第4段落で「騒がしい環境」でも特定の音を識別できるとはされていますが、
布自体が音レベルを下げたり、電話に出たりする機能については書かれていません。
参考になった数0
この解説の修正を提案する
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